Vaccine passports, envisioned as digital apps to prove COVID-19 vaccination or negative test status, have sparked privacy concerns. Critics fear these systems could lead to intrusive digital ID systems and expose sensitive medical data. For instance, British firms Mvine and iProov are developing a biometric-secured system that aims to maintain anonymity and privacy. Despite these efforts, civil liberties groups worry about potential for increased state control and misuse. Supporters argue these passports could facilitate safer travel and workplace access, with various organizations and governments exploring their implementation.

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